The study of Lagrangian equations and gradient estimates occupies a critical niche at the intersection of partial differential equations, differential geometry, and variational calculus. Lagrangian ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract We consider a discretization of Caputo derivatives resulted from deconvolving a scheme for the corresponding Volterra integral. Properties of ...

In this paper, we propose a new unbiased stochastic derivative estimator in a framework that can handle discontinuous sample performances with structural parameters. This work extends the three most ...