What analog designer hasn't had to derive a nonstandard resistor value by using series/parallel combinations of standard resistor values? In efforts to avoid a production trimpot tweak, we can use 0.1 ...

Messing around with Arduino can lead to some fun projects — like simple electronic games, lighting or audio manipulation, or even gesture controls for other devices. However, you'll need the right ...

This resistor with bands of red, violet, yellow, and gold has a value of 270,000 ohms (270kΩ) with a tolerance of ±5%. \( \begin{eqnarray*}\text{R}_\text{t ...

When available fixed-gain values match design requirements, a PGA (programmable-gain-amplifier) IC offers a drop-in choice, but what does a designer do when a suitable PGA is unavailable? Before the ...

When using a spreadsheet to calculate circuit values, determining “standard” component values to be used in subsequent calculations can produce more accurate results. This approach will also result in ...

One of the first things you learn in electronics is how to identify a resistor’s value. Through-hole resistors have color codes, and that’s generally where beginners begin. But why are they marked ...

Many times, the need arises to interface single-supply analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and comparators to real-world signals like 5 V. Of course, it's possible to condition the signal using ...