Mare Nostrum is a Latin term meaning "Our Sea," historically used by the ancient Romans to refer to the Mediterranean Sea. It ...

Napoleon's Mamelukes were an elite cavalry unit composed of former Mamluks, who had initially fought against Napoleon’s ...

The Romanization of Gaul began in earnest after Julius Caesar's conquest during the Gallic Wars. Prior to this, much of Gaul ...

The Aedui (or Haedui) were a powerful Celtic tribe in ancient Gaul (modern-day France), who played a significant role in ...

The first Roman legions in Provence in 125 BC, the barbarian invasions, the Battle of Soisson in 486 ...

Upon the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, one of his generals, Ptolemy, gained control of Egypt. How did he and his ...

In October 48 BC, the imperator arrived in Egypt to capture his rival Pompey. He ended up staying for nine months to fight ...

After the conquest by Julius Caesar, the Pax Romana was established in Roman Gaul, which quickly became one of the most prosperous provinces of the Empire. Despite a few last revolts, the “Roman peace ...

Henry III, King of France from 1574 to 1589, was the last ruler of the Valois dynasty. The fourth son of Henry II and Catherine de’ Medici, he was not initially destined to reign. A skilled legislator ...

Under his real name, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavius, Augustus was the first and most famous Roman emperor. When his uncle Julius Caesar died in 44 BCE, Octavius began a long political struggle to gain ...

The period of the French Revolution is often primarily seen as a violent confrontation between two orders, the Third Estate and the nobility, with the execution of Louis XVI in 1793 being a focal ...