The middle of the 20th century was a tumultuous time for the 22 countries of the Arab world. It was a period of decolonization and industrialization, of war and mass-migration. It saw the rise of ...

Software that translates a high-level request into the low-level commands required to perform the operation. The most common abstraction layer is the programming interface (API) between an application ...

During the course of doing interviews for my article on system simulation and abstraction, I spoke to several people who, just like myself, had started their career pushing abstraction. At the time, ...

Join our daily and weekly newsletters for the latest updates and exclusive content on industry-leading AI coverage. Learn More We can now accomplish some pretty incredible things with technology. What ...

“When we go to museums we do not just look, we make a definite response to the work. As we look at it we are happier or more sad, more at peace or more depressed. A work may stimulate yearning, ...

The concept of applying a higher level of design abstraction to creative and engineering processes is so closely familiar that we probably take it for granted. From NC machines to SQL database systems ...