Researchers at Tampere University and their collaborators from Germany and India have experimentally confirmed that angular momentum is conserved when a single photon is converted into a ...

The cosmos is a void dotted with stars and an ever-increasing number of newly-observed planets beyond our solar system. Yet, how these stars and planets formed out of clouds of interstellar dust and ...

Physicists have long relied on elegant theorems to connect the abstract math of quantum theory with the tangible behavior of particles, yet some of those theorems have rested on assumptions that never ...

Optical vortex plays an important role in a variety of fields, such as particle tweezing, quantum communication, astrophysics, and microscopy. Especially, the application of optical vortex has been ...