To understand COPD’s pathophysiology, it’s important to understand the structure of the lungs and how they work: When you inhale, air moves down your trachea and then through two tubes called ...

The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process; thus ...

Previous studies have shown that cigarette smoke (CS) is one of the major causes of COPD. Chronic bronchial inflammation induced by CS promotes lung injury, fibrosis and remodeling, ...

Causes of death shifting in patients diagnosed with COPD Date: January 20, 2011 Source: American Thoracic Society Summary: Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who ...

COPD stands for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The condition causes lung inflammation that leads to airflow blockage and breathing problems. [1] “COPD encompasses both emphysema and ...

Scientists have long wondered why many non-smokers develop Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and many heavy smokers do not. A new NIH study suggests people with disproportionately small ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of progressive lung diseases. Here’s what you should know about symptoms, diagnosis, and management.

You have a cough that just does not seem to go away. You chalk it up to the cold you had a while back or seasonal allergies, and yet you ...

Rates of incurable lung disease are higher than previously thought, a study across 12 countries suggests. Tests in almost 9,500 adults aged over 40 found one in 10 had chronic obstructive respiratory ...

1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Tannourine Governmental Hospital, Batroun, Lebanon. 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal ...