The document details a case of forgery, tax evasion, fraudulent sale, and manumission of slaves in the Roman provinces of ...

The papyrus tells a gripping tale of two defendants accused of falsifying documents in the sale of slaves — a crime the Roman ...

The papyrus details the prosecution of two main defendants: Gadalias, a notary’s son and something of an ancient Roman “bad ...

Most slaves during the Roman Empire were foreigners and, unlike in modern times, Roman slavery was not based on race. Slaves in Rome might include prisoners of war, sailors captured and sold by ...

The document is the longest Greek document found in the Judean Desert, spanning over 133 lines of written text.

The papyrus revealed how the imperial state dealt with financial crimes - specifically tax fraud involving slaves - in Judaea ...

The Roman Empire's enduring legacy has profoundly impacted modern politics, architecture, law, and culture. Yet, its origins ...

"This is the best-documented Roman court case from Iudaea apart from the trial of Jesus," said one researcher.

The details point to two individuals being guilty of fraud, forgery, and slave trade ... into trial preparations in this part of the Roman Empire,” Anna Dolganov, professor at the Austrian ...

Traditionally, any freed slaves became the cliens of their former ... On the frontiers of the empire, Roman generals served as patroni for the people they conquered, while Roman provinces or ...

There were many of the same crimes as today, such as murder and theft. The Roman Empire had many slaves, as well as citizens who were free men and women. They were often treated differently if ...