Vigorous intensity physical activity is 4–10x more effective than moderate activity for reducing the risk of major chronic diseases. One minute of vigorous activity offers roughly the same reduction in all-cause mortality risk as 4 minutes of moderate activity. When looking closer at specific outcomes, the impact becomes even clearer. For cardiovascular mortality, you’d need about 8 minutes of moderate activity to equal just one minute at vigorous intensity; for type 2 diabetes, it’s closer to 1